Good to know: This guide is general information, primarily about England and Wales. Legal rules differ in Scotland and Northern Ireland. Moneykind helps people make enquiries and connect with relevant professionals; it does not provide legal advice.
What is probate?
Probate is the legal authority commonly needed to administer some estates after death. In England and Wales, executors may apply for a grant of probate when there is a will; administrators may need letters of administration when there is not.
Is probate always required?
Not always. Requirements depend on the assets, ownership and the policies of banks and other asset holders. Jointly held assets may pass outside the estate administration process.
Typical steps
Locate the will, value the estate, identify debts and tax obligations, apply for the appropriate grant where needed, collect assets, settle liabilities and distribute the remainder.
When to get support
Complex estates, property sales, disputed wills, overseas assets and inheritance tax issues can make professional guidance valuable.
Need help with wills or estate planning?
Tell us what you need and we can help you start a conversation with a relevant professional. An introduction is not a recommendation or guarantee of suitability.
Start an enquiry →Common questions
How long does probate take?
Times vary widely with the estate and application circumstances. Avoid relying on a single fixed timescale.
Who pays estate debts?
Valid estate debts are generally paid from estate assets before beneficiaries receive distributions; beneficiaries are not automatically personally responsible.
Reviewed for general clarity: October 2026. This is not personalised legal or tax advice. Check current rules with an appropriately qualified professional.